Portable hydraulic punch



(N olodel.) v

l E. B. CORN-ELL. PORTABLE HYDRAULIC PUNCH.

A TTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE.

ELIJAII B. ooRNELIA'oE PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PORTABLE HYDRAULIC PUNCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part fretten Patent No. 532,265, dated January 8,1 895. Application tiled December 2,1893. Serial No. 492,568. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, ELIJAH B. CORNELL, of

Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,have invented a newand Improved Portable Hydraulic Punch,

of which the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description. Y.

My invention relates to a portable hydraulic punch,especiallyadapted foruse in producing apertures or openings in the web of railway rails, orin metalbeams or plates of any description, being likewise adapted foruse in structural, architectural, bridge and other iron Work.

A further object of the invention is to pro` vide such a punch which maybe expeditiously set in position and manipulated, and which may asreadily and conveniently be released from the object to which it isapplied.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar gures and letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in both the views.

Figure 1 is a section through the punch and a railway rail to which itis applied, the said 'section being taken practically on the Vline 1-1of Fig. 2; and Fig. 2 is a partial rear elevation and partial sectionalview of the punch, the section being taken practically on the line 2-2of Fig. 1.

In carrying out the invention the body A of the punch is made in archform, something after the shape of an inverted U,and is provided at itsupper bow portion with a hand hold 10, or the equivalent thereof. Onemember of the body is provided with a longitudinal threaded bore,adapted to receive a screw shaft 11, which shaft may be, and preferablyis, provided at its outer end with a hand wheel 12, or the equivalentthereof, but the inner end of the shaft is Withouta thread, and isprovided with a socket 13, adapted to hold a `die 14, which receives thematerial punched from the article operated upon,and the punch whenpassed through the article. The opposite member of the body is madetubular from top to bottom, being provided at its lower end with ahorizontal chamber 15, preferablycircular in cross section, the saidchamber being adapted to receive a piston 16, which is held to slide inthe chamber'. This piston is provided with a socket to receive a punch17, as Vshown in Fig. l, and the outer portion of the piston at itscenter is so shaped' that a spring 18 may be coiled around it, thespring having bearing in a seat 19, produced vin the piston, vand thesaid spring has likewise bearing against a collar 20, which collar isprovided with lugs at each end, and is attached to the inner end-wall ofthe chamber 15, through the medium'of screws 21, shown in dotted linesFig. 1, and by adjusting these screwsmore or less tension may be appliedto the spring 18, and consequently the piston be made to move rearward.in its chamber with greater or less velocity when its pathis cleared.

A largeschamber 22 is located above the chamber 15, the chamber 22 beingadapted as a reservoir for the liquid used inY the punch. The reservoiror upper chamber 22 is sub- -stantially closed by a cap 23, which/cap islocated at the upper end of the chamber and extends downward withinfthesame, usually at its center, as shown in Fig. 1.

A plunger rod 24, is held to slide in glands 25, located in Ithe cap 23,and the said plunger rod carries at its lower end aplunger 25"', thesaid plunger having movement in a chamber 26, communicating with thebottom portion of the reservoir 22 at its center. The downwardlyprojecting central portion of the cap 23, is adapted as a guidel for theplunger 25a when said plunger is in its upper position, and the chamber26, which may be termed an intermediate chamber, is adapted to receivethe charge of liquid to be forced against the piston 16 by the plungerrod upon its down! ward stroke. The plunger may be said to consist of atubular head 27, formed upon the lower end of the plunger rod,`the rodbeing provided with a longitudinal bore 28, leading into the cavity ofthe head, and horizontal bores 29 leading into the vertical bore, the.

head being normally covered by a cap 30, having an opening 3l aboutcentrally located in its bottom surface. The valve 32, shown in thedrawings, is a puppet valve, and is normally seated in the head, closingthe outlet end of the bore 28 by the action of a spring upon which thevalve rests. Between the receiving chamber 26 and the piston chamber 15,a delivery valve 33, is located, and this delivery valve comprises acasing having an opening 34 connecting with the chamber 26, and openings35 connecting with the piston chamber 15, the valve 36 being springcontrolled and normally held seated against the discharge end of theupper opening 34.

A plug 37, is preferably introduced into the chamber 15 back of thepiston 16, and when the said plug is removed access may be readily hadto the said chamber for purposes of cleaning or repair. l

A port 38, preferably of angular construction is made to communicatewith the pistonY chamber 15 and with the reservoir 22; and the port isnormally closed by what may be termed a needle valve 39, or theequivalent thereof, made in the nature of a screw, the inner end ofwhich is made to enter the port 38 at the junction of its two branches,as shown in Fig. 2, and when in this position the port 38 is closed.

The plungerrod 24, is provided with a hori- Zontal head 40, preferablyrounding or cylindrical upon its upper surface, and the head, near eachend, is made to rest upon springs 41, located around guide posts 42,placed upon the cover 23 of the reservoir. Standards 43, are likewiseerected upon the cover of the reservoir, and the said standards areprovided with recesses 44 in opposingsurfaces, as shown in both of thefigures. The handle 45, is in the nature of a lever, and may be of anydesired length, but is provided at one end, which is preferablycylindrical, with a T-head 46, usually circular in cross section, andthe said head is made to enter the recesses 44 in the standards. One ormore cavities 47, are made in the under surface of the handle near itsT-head, said cavities being adapted to receive the cylindrical surfaceof the plunger head 40, and thus the handle may be lengthened orshortened by placing one or the other of the cavities in engagement withthe plunger head, and consequently carrying the handle head to a greateror less distance from the plunger head.

In operation, the members of the body are placed one at each side of thearticle to be operated on, a beam Vfor example, and the screw shaft 11is manipulated until the die 14 is against the beam and at the surfaceto be punched. The handle is then pressed downward, whereupon the liquidthat was conv tained in the intermediate chamber 26 will be forcedthrough the valve 33 into the piston chamber 15, and the piston will beforced out' ward, causing the punch carried thereby to enter and passthrough the beam. The valve 33 will not permit any liquid to escape fromthe piston chamber 15, and when the plunger 25a is raised by the springsacting upon the plunger rod, the liquid contained in the reservoir willpass through the suction valve into the intermediate chamber 26, readyto be driven through the delivery valve into the piston chamber. As thepiston is forced outward the spring 18 is compressed, or put u ndertension; and when it is desired to remove the punch from the beam thevalve 39 is manipulated to clear the port 38, whereupon the liquid willescape through the port into the reservoir 22, as the spring 18 will actto force the plunger back into its chamber.

The punch may be made exceedingly simple and durable, and it is evidentthat it may/ be conveniently operated and expeditiously placed inposition, and that the body A may be given any shape best adapted forapplication to the article upon which it is to be operated. e, Y

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A hydraulic punch, comprising a body' havingrecess in its lower edge to straddle a rail, a die in one wall of saidrecess, a horizontal chamber in the opposite Wall, a piston mounted insaid chamber and having a punch socket or holder opposite said die, avertical chamber communicating at its lower end through a check valvewith said horizontal chamber, and having a reservoir communieating withits upper end, a valved plunger in the said vertical chamber to permitliquidx to flow past its valve into said chamber, a plunger rodextending upwardly through a gland in the top of said vertical chamberand IOO a spring pressed operating mechanism connected with its upperend, and comprising -a lever having an adjustable fulcrum at its innerend, and a notched or recessed lower edge in rear of its fulcrum andengaging the upper end of the plunger rod, substantially as set forth.

2. In a hydraulic punch, the combination with the punch piston, of acoil spring bearing thereon and pressing it inwardly, and an adjustableexternal head for regulating the tension of the spring and having anopening for the outer end of the piston to work through, substantiallyas set forth.

3. The combination with a plunger rod having a cross piece at its upperend, and springs IIO on which said cross piece seats, of the spacedstandards parallel with and to one side of the said plunger rod andprovided with transverse grooves or recesses in their adjacent faces,and the operating lever having fulcrum lugs working in said grooves orrecesses and provided in its lower edge with a plurality of notches orbearings to receive the upper edge of said cross bar, substantially asset forth.

4. The combination with the body of thc implement having a chamber forthe punch piston and a larger chamber therebeyond, a chamber for theplunger mechanism; the latter chamber being enlarged at its open upperend into the reservoir 22, of the cap 23 closing the top of thereservoir and having a central chamber 26 provided between its ends withlateral openings leading into the reservoir and having an opening 34 anda valve charnber, a valve 36 in said chamber and closing upwardly oversaid opening, a screw threaded casing screwing into said valve chamber,holding the valve 36 in place and provided with apertures 35communicating with the rear end of the chamber of the punch piston, thevalved plunger working in the said cylindrical extension and having astem or rod eX- tending up through a gland in the cap 23, and means foroperating the plunger rod, substantially as set forth.

5. A hydraulic punch, comprising the nshape body, a screw extendingtransversely verse chamber, the valved plunger and its operatingmechanism, substantially as set forth.

ELIJAI-I B. CORNELL. Witnesses:

SMITH HARPER, Y JAS. W. NAGLE.

